100 DECORATING IDEAS

Wallmonkeys Peel and Stick Wall Graphic - Japanese New Year Decoration - 24"H x 20"W

WallMonkeys wall graphics are printed on the highest quality re-positionable, self-adhesive fabric paper. Each order is printed in-house and on-demand. WallMonkeys uses premium materials & state-of-the-art production technologies. Our white fabric material is superior to vinyl decals. You can literally see and feel the difference. Our wall graphics apply in minutes and won't damage your paint or leave any mess. PLEASE double check the size of the image you are ordering prior to clicking the 'ADD TO CART' button. Our graphics are offered in a variety of sizes and prices.
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Catacombs of Paris
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Catacombs of Paris or Catacombes de Paris are a famous underground ossuary in Paris, France. Located south of the city's former 'Barriere d'Enfer' city gate (at today's Denfert-Rochereau), the ossuary fills a renovated section of caverns and tunnels that are the remains of Paris' stone mines. Opened in the late 18th century, the underground cemetery became a tourist attraction on a small scale from the early 19th century, and has been open to the public on a regular basis from 1867.
Following an incident of vandalism, they were closed to the public in September of 2009 and reopened 19 December of the same year.
The official name for the catacombs is l'Ossuaire Municipal. Although this cemetery covers only a small section of underground tunnels comprising 'les carrieres de Paris' ('the quarries of Paris'), Parisians today often refer to the entire tunnel network as 'the catacombs'.

Paris Catacombs
Paris since Roman times buried its dead to the outskirts of the city, but this changed with the rise of Christianity and its practice of burying its faithful deceased in consecrated ground in and adjoining its churches. By the 10th century, because of the city's expansion over the centuries, there were many parish cemeteries within city limits, even in central locations. When Paris' population began to rise rapidly in the following centuries, some of these cemeteries became overcrowded where expansion was impossible. Soon only the most wealthy could afford church burials, which led to the opening in the early 12th century of a central burial ground for more common burials: initially dependent upon the St. Opportune church, this cemetery near Paris' central Les Halles district was renamed as the 'Saints-Innocents cemetery' under its own church and parish towards the end of the same century.


Skull Catacombs of Paris 2010
The practice common then for burying the lesser-wealthy dead was mass inhumation. Once an excavation in one section of the cemetery was full, it would be covered over and another opened. Few of the dead buried in this way had the privilege of coffins; often the casket used for a burial ceremony would be re-used for the next. Thus the residues resulting from the decaying of organic matter, a process often chemically accelerated with the use of lime, entered directly into the earth, creating a situation quite unacceptable for a city whose then principle source of liquid sustenance was well-water.
By the 17th century the sanitary conditions around Saints-Innocents cemetery was unbearable. As it was one of Paris' most sought-after cemeteries and a large source of revenue for the parish and church, the clergy had continued burials there even when its grounds were filled to overflowing. By then the cemetery was lined on all four sides with "charniers" reserved for the bones of the dead exhumed from mass graves that had lain long enough for all the flesh they contained to decompose. Once emptied, a mass sepulture would be used again, but even then the earth was already filled beyond saturation with decomposable human remains.
A series of ineffective decrees limiting the use of the cemetery did little to remedy the situation, and it wasn't until the late 18th century that it was decided to create three new large-scale suburban burial grounds to the outskirts of the city, and to condemn all existing parish cemeteries within city limits.

Paris' former Mines
Part of the reason nothing was done about Paris' untenable burial practices was a lack of ideas where to dispose of the dead exhumed from Paris' intra-muros parish graveyards. The government had been searching for and consolidating long abandoned stone quarries in and around the Capital since 1777, and it was the Police Lieutenant General overseeing the renovations, Alexandre Lenoir, who first had the idea to use empty underground tunnels to the outskirts of the capital to this end. His successor, Thiroux de Crosne, chose a place to the south of Paris' 'porte d'Enfer' city gate (the place Denfert-Rochereau today), and the exhumation and transfer of all Paris' dead to the underground sepulture began in 1786.

Creation, decoration
From the eve of a consecration ceremony on the 7th April the same year, behind a procession of chanting priests, began a parade of black-covered bone-laden horse-drawn wagons that continued for years to come. In work overseen by the Inspector General of Quarries, Charles-Axel Guillaumot, the bones were deposited in a wide well dug in land bought from a property, 'La maison de la Tombe Issoire' (a house near the street of the same name), and distributed throughout the underground caverns by workers below. Also deposited near the same house were crosses, urns and other necropolis memorabilia recuperated from Paris' church graveyards.
The catacombs in their first years were practically only a bone repository, but Guillaumot's successor from 1810, Louis-Etienne

A toast to all of the Flickr photographers that have inspired me throughout the year. Thanks for the ideas, the techniques and the kind words but mostly thanks for sharing your work (play?) with the world.

Have a great and safe New Year's celebration tonight and I'll see you all in 2010.

Cheers!
Michael

Planning The Ultimate New Years Eve Party

This book covers several topics including:

- planning your new years eve party the right way
- new years eve party activities
- planning new years eve party games
- choosing party favors
- decorating ideas

and so much more!

Planning The Ultimate New Years Eve Party

This book covers several topics including:

- planning your new years eve party the right way
- new years eve party activities
- planning new years eve party games
- choosing party favors
- decorating ideas

and so much more!